Finkelhor D, Moore D, Hamby S L, Straus M A
Family Research Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham 03824, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 1997 Jan;21(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/s0145-2134(96)00127-5.
In a national survey of 1,000 parents, which primarily concerned disciplinary practices and violence toward their children, two questions were asked about whether the children had been sexually abused. This was to assess the feasibility of epidemiological research on contemporaneous sexual abuse using parental interviews rather than the usual adult retrospective approach. From these questions, rates of sexual abuse for children currently 0-17 were estimated at 1.9% in the last year and 5.7% ever. The cases making up these rates included a nearly equal number of boys and girls and no female victims between the ages of 9 and 12, a distribution different from those generally obtained by other epidemiological methods, but due possibly in this case to normal sampling variation. Cases were more likely to be disclosed for children whose parents had themselves been sexually abused, who were from lower income households, or who were living with only one biologic parent. Although some of the findings suggest caution in generalizing about child sexual abuse from survey samples of parents, the method is worthy of exploration if only to gain better epidemiologic data about parent knowledge, reaction, reporting, and coping strategies.
在一项针对1000名家长的全国性调查中，该调查主要关注对子女的管教方式及暴力行为，其中询问了两个关于孩子是否遭受性虐待的问题。这样做是为了评估通过家长访谈而非通常的成年人回顾性方法来开展同期性虐待流行病学研究的可行性。根据这些问题，估计目前年龄在0至17岁的儿童中，去年遭受性虐待的比例为1.9%，曾经遭受性虐待的比例为5.7%。构成这些比例的案例中，男孩和女孩的数量几乎相等，9至12岁之间没有女性受害者，这种分布与其他流行病学方法通常得出的结果不同，但在这种情况下可能是由于正常的抽样变异。如果父母自己曾遭受性虐待、来自低收入家庭或仅与一位亲生父母生活在一起，孩子的受虐情况更有可能被披露。尽管一些研究结果表明，从家长调查样本中推断儿童性虐待情况时需谨慎，但这种方法值得探索，哪怕只是为了获取有关家长的认知、反应、报告及应对策略的更好的流行病学数据。
