Crimes Against Children Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.
Child Maltreat. 2020 May;25(2):203-214. doi: 10.1177/1077559519873975. Epub 2019 Sep 16.
The present study sought to examine features of sexual abuse cases among a U.S. nationally representative sample of 13,052 children and adolescents, ages 0-17 years. The National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence was collected in three different years (2008, 2011, and 2014) via telephone interviews. Information about sexual abuse and assault was obtained from youth themselves (ages 10-17) or caregivers (for children ages 0-9) using the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire. Results indicate most offenses are at the hands of other juveniles (76.7% for males and 70.1% for females), primarily acquaintances, and occurring more frequently for adolescents aged 14-17. Whereas girls are mostly abused by males (88.4%), boys are abused by both males (45.6%) and females (54.4%). In 15% of cases, penetration is part of the abuse. Victims report being very afraid in 37.5% of episodes but not at all afraid in 19.8%. Among 10- to 17-year-olds, 66.3% of episodes are not reported to parents or any adult. Police reports occur for 19.1% of all cases. The results in the present study indicate that children and youth are exposed to sexual abuse and assault in varied ways, which require moving beyond conventional stereotypes of the problem.
本研究旨在调查美国一个具有全国代表性的 13052 名 0-17 岁儿童和青少年样本中的性虐待案件的特征。《全国儿童暴力暴露调查》在三年（2008 年、2011 年和 2014 年）中通过电话访谈收集。性虐待和性侵犯的信息是通过青少年自己（10-17 岁）或照顾者（0-9 岁的儿童）使用青少年受害情况问卷获得的。结果表明，大多数犯罪行为是由其他青少年（男性为 76.7%，女性为 70.1%）实施的，主要是熟人，而且 14-17 岁的青少年更经常发生此类犯罪。虽然女孩主要被男性虐待（88.4%），但男孩也被男性（45.6%）和女性（54.4%）虐待。在 15%的案例中，存在性侵行为。受害者在 37.5%的案件中报告非常害怕，但在 19.8%的案件中报告完全不害怕。在 10-17 岁的青少年中，66.3%的案件没有向父母或任何成年人报告。所有案例中有 19.1%都有警方报案。本研究的结果表明，儿童和青少年以不同的方式遭受性虐待和性侵犯，这需要超越对该问题的传统刻板印象。
