Schneider B, Parker S, Moraglia G
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario.
Can J Exp Psychol. 1996 Dec;50(4):347-55. doi: 10.1037/1196-1961.50.4.347.
In audition, loudness matches across frequency are affected by the range of stimuli employed at each frequency (e.g., Marks, 1988; Schneider & Parker, 1990). For example, the loudness of a 500-Hz tone that matches the loudness of a 60-dB 2-kHz tone can be changed by as much as 10 to 20 dB by manipulating the range of intensity values to which the listener is exposed. The goal of the present study was to determine whether stimulus range had a similar effect on the perceived contrast of vertical gratings whose spatial frequencies were either 1 or 4 cycles/deg. Viewers judged the perceived contrasts of 1 and 4 cycle/deg gratings intermixed within a session using the method of magnitude estimation. Four different conditions were created by combining either a set of low-contrast or high contrast gratings at one frequency with a broad range of contrasts at the other frequency. When the broad-range set was at 1 cycle/deg, contrast matches across spatial frequencies were unaffected by changing the range of the 4-cycle/deg gratings from low to high. However, when the broad-range set was at 4 cycles/deg, contrast matches were changed by changing the range of the 1 cycle/deg gratings. This asymmetry in the "range effect" was shown to be consistent with the characteristics of the two channels' receptive-field profiles.
在听觉中，不同频率间的响度匹配会受到每个频率所采用的刺激范围的影响（例如，Marks，1988年；Schneider & Parker，1990年）。例如，通过操纵听者所接触的强度值范围，与60分贝2千赫音调响度相匹配的500赫兹音调的响度可改变多达10至20分贝。本研究的目的是确定刺激范围对空间频率为1或4周/度的垂直光栅的感知对比度是否有类似影响。观看者使用量级估计法判断在一个实验环节中混合呈现的1周/度和4周/度光栅的感知对比度。通过将一个频率下的一组低对比度或高对比度光栅与另一个频率下的广泛对比度范围相结合，创建了四种不同条件。当宽范围组为1周/度时，改变4周/度光栅的范围（从低到高）不会影响不同空间频率间的对比度匹配。然而，当宽范围组为4周/度时，改变1周/度光栅的范围会改变对比度匹配。这种“范围效应”的不对称性被证明与两个通道的感受野轮廓特征一致。
