Kitaeva L V, Mikheeva E A, Shelomova L F, Shvartsman P Ia
Genetika. 1996 Sep;32(9):1287-90.
The genotoxic effect of formaldehyde (F) (chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes, micronucleated cells in buccal mucosa) was studied in workers manufacturing nitrogen fertilizer and exposed to F at concentrations exceeding maximum permissible ones for a working area (group 1); in workers at the Department of Normal Anatomy who handle moist anatomical preparations (group 2); and in students who attended anatomy lessons once (group 3). A pronounced F cytotoxic effect was found in groups 1 and 2. In lymphocytes obtained from individuals of group 1, in which frequency of chromosome aberrations exceeded the control level fourfold, metaphase plates were revealed only after 72 h of cultivation. A similar reduction of the statmokinetic index and an increase in chromosomal aberrations were observed after in vitro F treatment of lymphocytes. In groups 2 and 3, a four- to fivefold excess of micronucleated cells was found in buccal mucosa. In students, the number of micronucleated cells remained higher both 24 and 48 h after they handled moist formaline preparations in anatomy class for 40 min.
对氮肥生产工人（第1组）、正常解剖学系处理潮湿解剖标本的工人（第2组）以及只上过一次解剖课的学生（第3组），研究了甲醛（F）的遗传毒性效应（外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变、颊黏膜微核细胞）。第1组和第2组发现有明显的F细胞毒性效应。在第1组个体的淋巴细胞中，染色体畸变频率超过对照水平四倍，仅在培养72小时后才观察到中期板。淋巴细胞经体外F处理后，观察到有丝分裂指数有类似降低，染色体畸变增加。在第2组和第3组的颊黏膜中，发现微核细胞数量多出四到五倍。在学生中，他们在解剖课上处理潮湿福尔马林标本40分钟后24小时和48小时，微核细胞数量仍然较高。
