Bianchi S D, Lojacono A
Istituto di Radiologia, Università degli Studi, Torino.
Minerva Stomatol. 1996 Dec;45(12):575-87.
The traditional radiographic examinations used in restorative dentistry and endodontics are: intraoral radiograph performed in the beta-wing or the paralleling technique, the partial extraoral radiograph (rotational narrow beam), the panoramic radiography and the periapical radiographs with the bisecting technique which is particularly suitable for visualization of the apex. Radiology is a valuable diagnostic means to evaluate the extension of primary caries, to identify secondary and interproximal initial decays and if required let the therapist measure the biological width. Several factors influence the radiographic interpretation of caries: cervical burnout, mach band effect, internal and external resorption, restorative materials for fillings and sub-bases, abrasions and/or erosions. Radiology allows the diagnosis of developmental and acquired abnormalities of the teeth which can have an influence on the treatment itself. Examples are: variations in the shape of the crown and root, dens in dente, enamel hypoplasia, dentinogenesis imperfecta. Radiograms are of major importance in the evaluation of restorative dentistry results: precision of the margins, congruous contact points, fractures. Moreover, it provides the endodontic procedures with useful diagnostic data and permits the measurements during the treatment, supplying the immediate and long term checks too.
采用β翼片或平行投照技术进行的口内X光片、局部口外X光片(旋转窄束)、全景X光片以及采用平分投照技术的根尖X光片,该技术特别适合观察根尖。放射学是评估原发性龋齿范围、识别继发性和邻面早期龋齿以及在需要时让治疗师测量生物学宽度的重要诊断手段。有几个因素会影响龋齿的放射学解读:颈部影像模糊、马赫带效应、内吸收和外吸收、补牙和垫底的修复材料、磨损和/或侵蚀。放射学能够诊断牙齿的发育性和后天性异常,这些异常可能会对治疗本身产生影响。例如:冠部和根部形状变异、牙中牙、釉质发育不全、牙本质发育不全。X光片在评估口腔修复治疗结果方面至关重要:边缘的精确性、合适的接触点、骨折情况。此外,它为牙髓治疗程序提供有用的诊断数据,并允许在治疗过程中进行测量,还能提供即时和长期的检查。