von Sternberg R
Center for Intelligent Systems, T.J. Watson School, State University of New York at Binghamton 13902, USA.
Acta Biotheor. 1996 Jun;44(2):95-118. doi: 10.1007/BF00048418.
A hypothesis of genome structural evolution is explored. Rapid and cohesive alterations in genome organization are viewed as resulting from the dynamic and constrained interactions of chromosomal subsystem components. A combination of macromolecular boundary conditions and DNA element involvement in far-from-equilibrium reactions is proposed to increase the complexity of genomic subsystems via the channelling of genome turnover; interactions between subsystems create higher-order subsystems expanding the phase space for further genetic evolution. The operation of generic constraints on structuration in genome evolution is suggested by i) universal, homoplasic features of chromosome organization and ii) the metastable nature of genome structures where lower-level flux is constrained by higher-order structures. Phenomena such as 'genomic shock', bursts of transposable element activity, concerted evolution, etc., are hypothesized to result from constrained systemic responses to endogenous/exogenous, micro/macro perturbations. The constraints operating on genome turnover are expected to increase with chromosomal structural complexity, the number of interacting subsystems, and the degree to which interactions between genomic components are tightly ordered.
本文探讨了一种基因组结构进化的假说。基因组组织中快速且连贯的变化被视为染色体子系统组件动态且受限相互作用的结果。有人提出，大分子边界条件与DNA元件参与远离平衡反应相结合，可通过引导基因组更新来增加基因组子系统的复杂性；子系统之间的相互作用会产生更高阶的子系统，从而扩展进一步遗传进化的相空间。基因组进化中结构形成的一般约束作用体现在：（i）染色体组织的普遍、同源特征；（ii）基因组结构的亚稳态性质，即较低水平的通量受到高阶结构的约束。诸如“基因组休克”、转座元件活性爆发、协同进化等现象，被假定为由对内源/外源、微观/宏观扰动的受限系统反应所导致。预计作用于基因组更新的约束会随着染色体结构复杂性、相互作用子系统的数量以及基因组组件之间相互作用紧密有序的程度而增加。
