Potì P
Istituto di Psicologia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1996;32(3):361-7.
Spontaneous object grouping by two capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) ranging from 1 to 4 years of age was investigated. Subjects' spontaneous interactions with groups of objects were recorded. Similarly to human infants and chimpanzees, capuchins increased with age the size of groups, the rate of vertical constructions, and of contemporaneous groups, i.e., of groups made simultaneously or close to another. However, capuchins lagged behind human infants and, partly, to chimpanzees in that they failed to develop alignments of objects, or spatial correspondences between contemporaneous groups. Capuchins' constructive processes were similar to those of chimpanzees and different from those of human infants. Nonhuman primates increasingly manipulate objects together with the same part of their body. In these instances, no specific spatial relations among objects as detached units are detectable. In fact, objects are related to one another only incidentally to the simultaneous relations of each object to the self. Therefore, nonhuman primates increasingly manipulate objects in relation to their body.
对两只年龄在1至4岁之间的卷尾猴（僧帽猴属）的自发物体分组行为进行了研究。记录了实验对象与物体组的自发互动情况。与人类婴儿和黑猩猩类似，卷尾猴随着年龄增长，所分组的物体数量增加，垂直搭建的速度加快，同时搭建的群组数量也增加，即同时或接近同时搭建的群组数量增加。然而，卷尾猴在物体排列或同时搭建的群组之间的空间对应关系方面落后于人类婴儿，在一定程度上也落后于黑猩猩。卷尾猴的搭建过程与黑猩猩相似，与人类婴儿不同。非人类灵长类动物越来越多地用身体的同一部位一起操作物体。在这些情况下，作为独立单元的物体之间没有可检测到的特定空间关系。事实上，物体之间的相互关系只是每个物体与自身同时关系的附带结果。因此，非人类灵长类动物越来越多地根据身体来操作物体。
