Truppa Valentina, Spinozzi Giovanna, Stegagno Tommaso, Fagot Joël
Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, CNR, 00197 Rome, Italy.
Behav Processes. 2009 Oct;82(2):140-52. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2009.05.004. Epub 2009 Jun 6.
Although pictures are frequently used in place of real objects to investigate various aspects of cognition in different non-human species, there is little evidence that animals treat pictorial stimuli as representations of the real objects. In the present study, we carried out four experiments designed to assess picture processing in tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella), using a simultaneous Matching-to-Sample (MTS) task. The results of the first three experiments indicate that capuchins are able to match objects with their colour photographs and vice versa, and that object-picture matching in this New World monkey species is not due to picture-object confusion. The results of the fourth experiment show that capuchins are able to recognize objects in their pictures with a high level of accuracy even when less realistic images, such as black-and-white photographs, silhouettes and line drawings, are employed as bi-dimensional stimuli. Overall, these findings indicate that capuchin monkeys are able to establish a correspondence between the real objects and their pictorial representations.
尽管图片经常被用来代替真实物体，以研究不同非人类物种认知的各个方面，但几乎没有证据表明动物将图片刺激视为真实物体的表征。在本研究中，我们进行了四项实验，旨在使用同时呈现的样本匹配（MTS）任务来评估簇绒卷尾猴（Cebus apella）对图片的处理能力。前三项实验的结果表明，卷尾猴能够将物体与其彩色照片进行匹配，反之亦然，并且这种新世界猴物种中的物体-图片匹配并非由于图片-物体混淆。第四项实验的结果表明，即使使用不太逼真的图像，如黑白照片、剪影和线条图作为二维刺激，卷尾猴也能够以高度的准确性识别图片中的物体。总体而言，这些发现表明卷尾猴能够在真实物体与其图片表征之间建立对应关系。
