Misch C M
University of Pittsburgh Oral Implantology Center, Pennsylvania, USA.
Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent. 1996 Mar;8(2):127-35; quiz 138.
Local bone grafts are a convenient source of autogenous bone in alveolar reconstruction. The mandibular ramus area provides primarily a cortical graft that is well-suited for veneer-grafting of ridge deficiencies prior to implant placement. The advantages of this method of augmentation include its intraoral access and low morbidity. Similar to bone harvested from the mandibular symphysis, these grafts require short healing periods, exhibit minimal resorption, and maintain their dense quality. Advantages of this donor site over the chin include minimal patient concern for altered facial contour, proximity to posterior mandible recipient sites, and decreased complaints of postoperative sensory disturbances and discomfort. However, the surgical access in some cases is limited, and there is a potential for damage to the mandibular neurovascular bundle. The learning objective of this article is to review and update the reader knowledge of alveolar ridge augmentation using mandibular grafts.
局部骨移植是牙槽骨重建中自体骨的便捷来源。下颌升支区域主要提供皮质骨移植,非常适合在种植体植入前对牙槽嵴缺损进行贴面移植。这种增量方法的优点包括经口腔入路和低发病率。与从下颌联合处采集的骨相似,这些移植骨愈合期短,吸收极少,并保持其致密质量。该供区相对于颏部的优点包括患者对面部轮廓改变的担忧最小、靠近下颌后部受区以及术后感觉障碍和不适的投诉减少。然而,在某些情况下手术入路有限,并且存在损伤下颌神经血管束的可能性。本文的学习目标是回顾并更新读者关于使用下颌移植骨进行牙槽嵴增量的知识。