Lawrence D W, Stewart G W, Christy D M, Gibbs L I, Ouellette M
Dept of Orthopedics at Tulane, University School of Medicine, USA.
J La State Med Soc. 1997 Jan;149(1):27-31.
Louisiana has one of the highest rates in the nation of cervical spinal cord injuries to high school football players. When the national rate of these injuries is applied to the number of high school participants in Louisiana, we would expect there to be only one catastrophic neck injury every 14 years. Louisiana, however, has averaged 2.3 spinal cord injuries per year for the past seven football seasons. Players who use the top of their helmets to tackle, block, or strike opponents are at greatest risk for these injuries. This study was undertaken to describe the safe tackling knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Louisiana high school football players. We surveyed 596 players from 16 Louisiana high schools. When asked if it was within the rules to tackle anyone by using the top of their helmet, 29% incorrectly answered "yes". Similarly, when asked if they had ever tackled anyone using the top of their helmet, 33% reported that they had. Twenty-eight percent said that they had been taught to use this unsafe method. Of these, 83% said that their coach taught them this dangerous and illegal method. Using the helmet as a battering ram must be discouraged. Education for officials, coaches, and players is needed to improve recognition of improper tackling. Proper training in tackling and blocking is an important means of minimizing the possibility of catastrophic injury.
路易斯安那州高中橄榄球运动员颈椎脊髓损伤率在全国名列前茅。若将全国此类损伤率应用于路易斯安那州高中参与者数量，我们预计每14年才会有一起灾难性颈部损伤。然而，在过去七个橄榄球赛季中，路易斯安那州平均每年有2.3例脊髓损伤。那些用头盔顶部进行擒抱、阻挡或撞击对手的球员面临此类损伤的风险最大。本研究旨在描述路易斯安那州高中橄榄球运动员的安全擒抱知识、态度和行为。我们对来自路易斯安那州16所高中的596名球员进行了调查。当被问及用头盔顶部擒抱任何人是否符合规则时，29%的人错误地回答“是”。同样，当被问及他们是否曾用头盔顶部擒抱过人时，33%的人表示他们这样做过。28%的人说他们曾被教导使用这种不安全的方法。其中，83%的人说他们的教练教给他们这种危险且非法的方法。必须阻止将头盔用作攻城槌的行为。需要对官员、教练和球员进行教育，以提高对不当擒抱的认识。正确的擒抱和阻挡训练是将灾难性损伤可能性降至最低的重要手段。
