Heck Jonathan F., Clarke Kenneth S., Peterson Thomas R., Torg Joseph S., Weis Michael P.
Richard Stockton College, Pomona, NJ.
J Athl Train. 2004 Mar;39(1):101-111.
To present recommendations that decrease the risk of cervical spine fractures and dislocations in football players. BACKGROUND: Axial loading of the cervical spine resulting from head-down contact is the primary cause of spinal cord injuries. Keeping the head up and initiating contact with the shoulder or chest decreases the risk of these injuries. The 1976 rule changes resulted in a dramatic decrease in catastrophic cervical spine injuries. However, the helmet-contact rules are rarely enforced and head-down contact still occurs frequently. Our recommendations are directed toward decreasing the incidence of head-down contact. RECOMMENDATIONS: Educate players, coaches, and officials that unintentional and intentional head-down contact can result in catastrophic injuries. Increase the time tacklers, ball carriers, and blockers spend practicing correct contact techniques. Improve the enforcement and understanding of the existing helmet-contact penalties.
提出降低橄榄球运动员颈椎骨折和脱位风险的建议。背景：头朝下接触导致的颈椎轴向负荷是脊髓损伤的主要原因。抬头并用肩部或胸部发起接触可降低此类损伤的风险。1976年的规则变更使灾难性颈椎损伤大幅减少。然而，头盔接触规则很少得到执行，头朝下接触仍频繁发生。我们的建议旨在降低头朝下接触的发生率。建议：教育运动员、教练和官员，无意和有意的头朝下接触都可能导致灾难性损伤。增加擒抱者、持球者和阻挡者练习正确接触技术的时间。加强对现有头盔接触处罚的执行和理解。
