Roberts G L, Lawrence J M, O'Toole B I, Raphael B
Department of Psychiatry, University of Queensland, Australia.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1997 Jan;19(1):5-11. doi: 10.1016/s0163-8343(96)00119-3.
The object of this study was to compare the diagnoses and characteristics of self-reported domestic violence victims with a random sample of nonvictim controls who were selected from attendees at the Emergency Department (ED) of a major public hospital in Australia. Comparisons were made at index presentation and for the 5 years prior to index presentation. Subjects were drawn from two screening studies carried out 1 year apart which were conducted to assess the prevalence of domestic violence among attendees at the ED. From these groups, the medical records of all individuals who had disclosed domestic violence were examined and compared with the medical records of a random sample of nondisclosers, matched for age (+/- 10 years), sex, and type of entry into the ED (acute vs nonacute). The two case-control studies, conducted 12 months apart, showed that there were statistically significant differences between the diagnoses and characteristics of victims and nonvictims. Victims made more visits to the ED and Outpatients' Department than nonvictims; victims had more psychiatric index presentations; more victims had evidence of treatment of psychiatric conditions, both as inpatients and outpatients, in the previous 5 years than nonvictims; victims had greater rates of attempted suicide and alcohol problems than nonvictims at index presentation and for the previous 5 years. The findings indicate the need for the prevention and treatment of psychiatric conditions of domestic violence victims, including drug and alcohol problems and suicidal ideation. The findings form the basis of hypotheses for further studies to investigate the association between domestic violence and psychiatric illness.
本研究的目的是将自我报告的家庭暴力受害者的诊断结果和特征，与从澳大利亚一家大型公立医院急诊科的就诊者中随机抽取的非受害者对照组进行比较。在首次就诊时以及首次就诊前的5年期间进行了比较。研究对象来自于相隔1年进行的两项筛查研究，这两项研究旨在评估急诊科就诊者中家庭暴力的患病率。从这些群体中，检查了所有披露家庭暴力的个体的病历，并与年龄（±10岁）、性别和进入急诊科的类型（急性与非急性）相匹配的未披露者的随机样本的病历进行比较。相隔12个月进行的两项病例对照研究表明，受害者与非受害者的诊断结果和特征之间存在统计学上的显著差异。受害者比非受害者更多地前往急诊科和门诊部就诊；受害者有更多的精神科首次就诊记录；在过去5年中，作为住院患者和门诊患者，有更多的受害者有精神疾病治疗的证据，而非受害者则较少；在首次就诊时以及过去5年中，受害者的自杀未遂率和酒精问题发生率比非受害者更高。研究结果表明，需要对家庭暴力受害者的精神疾病进行预防和治疗，包括药物和酒精问题以及自杀意念。这些研究结果构成了进一步研究家庭暴力与精神疾病之间关联的假设基础。
