Williams R J, Cox N J, Regnery H L, Noah D L, Khan A S, Miller J M, Copley G B, Ice J S, Wright J A
Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329-4018, USA.
Mil Med. 1997 Feb;162(2):82-6.
Influenza virus is one of the most ubiquitous organisms on the planet, causing illness in much of the population each year. The dynamic nature of the influenza virus requires similarly dynamic surveillance and prevention initiatives. The efforts of national surveillance programs, overseen by the World Health Organization and administered by institutions such as the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. armed forces, and 60 to 70 collaborating laboratories, annually culminate in the development of effective influenza vaccines. The U.S. Air Force's contribution is via Project Gargle, through which bases in various locations worldwide conduct active surveillance and submit throat swab specimens for virus isolation and characterization; the results of these laboratory analyses help determine the composition of the following year's influenza vaccine. These collaborative efforts have resulted in an identical or close antigenic match between vaccine and epidemic strains in 8 of the last 9 influenza seasons.
流感病毒是地球上最普遍存在的生物体之一，每年导致大量人口患病。流感病毒的动态特性需要同样动态的监测和预防措施。由世界卫生组织监督、美国疾病控制与预防中心、美国武装部队以及60至70个合作实验室等机构实施的国家监测计划，每年都能成功研发出有效的流感疫苗。美国空军通过“ Gargle项目”做出贡献，全球各地的基地通过该项目进行主动监测，并提交咽喉拭子样本用于病毒分离和鉴定；这些实验室分析的结果有助于确定下一年流感疫苗的成分。在过去9个流感季节中的8个季节里，这些合作努力使得疫苗与流行毒株之间实现了相同或相近的抗原匹配。
