Nájera Aguilar P, Lazcano Ponce E C, de Ruíz P A, Ramírez Sánchez T, Cantoral Uriza L, Hernández Avila M
National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 1996 Dec;30(4):348-53.
Use of health services is usually associated with a variety of factors, including the socioeconomic characteristics of the users, their familiarity with the usefulness of the services provided, and the acceptability and accessibility of those services. To study the factors associated with women's familiarity with the Pap test, a population-based study was carried out in Mexico City and two rural areas in the state of Oaxaca by means of household interviews. The sample consisted of 4208 women 15 to 49 years of age. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were done using unconditional logistic regression; the independent variables were access to social security health services, age, education, housing quality, and place of residence (urban or rural); the dependent variable was the interview subject's familiarity with the purpose of the Pap test. The results were expressed as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. It was found that 41.5% of the women surveyed did not know the purpose of the Pap test, and that within this latter group, 97% had never had one. Factors found to be associated with not knowing the test's purpose were lack of access to the social security health services (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.5-2.3); illiteracy (OR = 36.1; 95% CI: 17.9-72.7); and low socioeconomic level (OR = 2.9; 95% CI: 2.3-3.7). Also, rural dwellers had less familiarity with the Pap test than urban dwellers (OR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.4-0.7). These results highlight the need to develop strategies for making the benefits of the Pap test known, bearing in mind the socioeconomic and cultural diversity of the populations involved.
医疗服务的使用通常与多种因素相关，包括使用者的社会经济特征、他们对所提供服务有用性的熟悉程度，以及这些服务的可接受性和可及性。为了研究与女性对巴氏试验熟悉程度相关的因素，在墨西哥城以及瓦哈卡州的两个农村地区通过家庭访谈开展了一项基于人群的研究。样本包括4208名15至49岁的女性。使用无条件逻辑回归进行单变量、双变量和多变量分析；自变量为是否能获得社会保障医疗服务、年龄、教育程度、住房质量和居住地点（城市或农村）；因变量为访谈对象对巴氏试验目的的熟悉程度。结果以比值比及95%置信区间表示。研究发现，41.5%的受访女性不知道巴氏试验的目的，在这一群体中，97%的女性从未做过巴氏试验。发现与不知道试验目的相关的因素包括无法获得社会保障医疗服务（比值比=1.9；95%置信区间：1.5 - 2.3）；文盲（比值比=36.1；95%置信区间：17.9 - 72.7）；以及社会经济水平较低（比值比=2.9；95%置信区间：2.3 - 3.7）。此外，农村居民对巴氏试验的熟悉程度低于城市居民（比值比=0.5；95%置信区间：0.4 - 0.7）。这些结果凸显了制定策略以使巴氏试验益处为人所知的必要性，同时要考虑到相关人群的社会经济和文化多样性。
