Michell A R, Bodey A R, Gleadhill A
Department of Farm Animal and Equine Medicine and Surgery, Royal Veterinary College (University of London) North Mymms, Hatfield Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
Ren Fail. 1997 Jan;19(1):61-8. doi: 10.3109/08860229709026260.
Dogs have provided classic models of induced hypertension. This paper shows that despite being susceptible to hypertension, they are naturally resistant to its development even when renal function is severely compromised. The proportion of hypertensive dogs was almost as low among those with reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (9%) as those with normal GFR (6%). Dogs with GFR less than 33% of the normal lower limit (with an average GFR equivalent to 10 mL min-1 in a 70-kg patient) had arterial pressures not significantly above normal. Only dogs with a GFR 33-75% of the lower limit of normal had significantly elevated systolic pressure, though none was actually hypertensive. Since there was no correlation between arterial pressure and GFR below 33% of lower limit, the dogs in the 33-75% range may be showing an effect of increased pressure, rather than a cause. In humans with GFR less than 33% of normal, the majority are hypertensive. Since various aspects of canine cardiovascular and renal function are comparable with humans, the question is why dogs, despite being capable of developing hypertension, are resistant to it, even when they have chronic renal insufficiency.
狗提供了经典的实验性高血压模型。本文表明，尽管狗易患高血压，但即使肾功能严重受损，它们天生对高血压的发展具有抵抗力。肾小球滤过率（GFR）降低的狗中高血压狗的比例（9%）与GFR正常的狗（6%）几乎一样低。GFR低于正常下限33%（70千克患者的平均GFR相当于10毫升/分钟）的狗，其动脉血压并未显著高于正常水平。只有GFR为正常下限33%至75%的狗收缩压显著升高，不过实际上没有一只狗患有高血压。由于动脉血压与低于下限33%的GFR之间没有相关性，处于33%至75%范围内的狗可能表现出的是压力升高的影响，而非原因。在GFR低于正常33%的人类中，大多数人患有高血压。由于犬类心血管和肾功能的各个方面与人类具有可比性，问题在于为什么狗尽管能够患上高血压，但即使患有慢性肾功能不全，仍对高血压具有抵抗力。
