Witlin A G, Sibai B M
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38103, USA.
Annu Rev Med. 1997;48:115-27. doi: 10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.115.
Hypertensive disorders (gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, superimposed preeclampsia) are the most common medical complications of pregnancy and constitute a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Prediction of those women destined to develop preeclampsia remains elusive. The benefits of calcium supplementation for prevention of preeclampsia are encouraging; however, the definitive study is not yet complete. Aspirin therapy for high-risk has not been helpful; results of therapy for high-risk women are pending. More experience is being gained with antihypertensive therapy and expectant management in severe preeclampsia. Conservative management of severe preeclampsia, when performed in a tertiary care center, may benefit a select group of women and their fetuses.
高血压疾病（妊娠期高血压、子痫前期、慢性高血压、慢性高血压并发子痫前期）是妊娠最常见的医学并发症，是孕产妇和围产儿发病及死亡的主要原因。预测哪些女性会发生子痫前期仍然困难。补充钙预防子痫前期的益处令人鼓舞；然而，确定性研究尚未完成。高危人群使用阿司匹林治疗并无帮助；高危女性的治疗结果尚待确定。对于重度子痫前期的降压治疗和期待管理，我们正在积累更多经验。在三级医疗中心对重度子痫前期进行保守管理，可能会使一部分特定的女性及其胎儿受益。
