O'Callaghan D, Stanton A, Rafferty S, Canton M, Murphy J, Harrington D, Connolly B, Horgan J
Department of Cardiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
J Cardiovasc Risk. 1996 Oct;3(5):441-5. doi: 10.1177/174182679600300505.
Reduction in intake of dairy products has long been recommended to reduce blood lipids. The value of monounsaturated fatty acids is increasingly recognized.
We evaluated the effects of a monounsaturate-rich butter and cheese (B) produced by modifying the bovine diet on blood lipid levels of patients with type IIa hyperlipidaemia. We compared their effects with those of normal butter and cheese (A) and polyunsaturate-rich spread and cheese (C). Using a double cross-over design, we studied 30 patients of mean age 56.4 years (23 men, one woman excluded) over 6-week periods.
Approximately 35.5 g/day butter/cheese were consumed; no changes in serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, lipoprotein (a) or cholesterol: high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio were observed. HDL levels were higher in B(1.31 mmol/l) than in C (1.22 mmol/l; P < 0.05) and similar to those in A (1.28 mmol/l). HDL2 levels were higher in patients fed diet A(0.23 mmol/l) than they were in those fed diet C (0.19 mmol/l; P < 0.05) and similar to those in patients fed diet B (0.20 mmol/l). Serum HDL3 was significantly higher in patients fed diet B (1.11 mmol/l) than in those fed diet C (1.03 mmol/l; P < 0.05) but similar to that in patients fed diet A (1.06 mmol/l).
Moderate intake of modified dairy products may be of value and deserves further evaluation.
长期以来，人们一直建议减少乳制品摄入量以降低血脂。单不饱和脂肪酸的价值越来越受到认可。
我们评估了通过改变牛的饮食生产的富含单不饱和脂肪酸的黄油和奶酪（B）对IIa型高脂血症患者血脂水平的影响。我们将它们的效果与普通黄油和奶酪（A）以及富含多不饱和脂肪酸的涂抹酱和奶酪（C）的效果进行了比较。采用双交叉设计，我们对30名平均年龄为56.4岁的患者（23名男性，排除1名女性）进行了为期6周的研究。
每天大约食用35.5克黄油/奶酪；血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、脂蛋白（a）或胆固醇：高密度脂蛋白（HDL）比值均未观察到变化。B组的HDL水平（1.31毫摩尔/升）高于C组（1.22毫摩尔/升；P<0.05），与A组（1.28毫摩尔/升）相似。喂食A饮食的患者的HDL2水平（0.23毫摩尔/升）高于喂食C饮食的患者（0.19毫摩尔/升；P<0.05），与喂食B饮食的患者（0.20毫摩尔/升）相似。喂食B饮食的患者的血清HDL3显著高于喂食C饮食的患者（1.11毫摩尔/升对1.03毫摩尔/升；P<0.05），但与喂食A饮食的患者（1.06毫摩尔/升）相似。
适度摄入改良乳制品可能有价值，值得进一步评估。
