Aperia A, Broberger O, Herin P, Thodenius K, Zetterström R
Pediatr Res. 1977 Oct;11(10 Pt 2):1109-11.
Previous recommendations on salt tolerance of newborn infants have mainly been based on knowledge of the capacity of newborn infants to excrete NaCl. Since tolerance to NaHCO3 can hardly be predicted from knowledge of tolerance of NaCl, a comparative study of Na+ excretion following equivalent doses of NaCl and NaHCO3 has been carried out. Forty-nine full term infants aged 0-2 days and 3-7 days were given either an oral load of NaCl or NaHCO3. Ten preterm infants (gestational age 30-35 weeks, postnatal age 2-18 days) were given both NaCl and NaHCO3 after a 2-day interval. The average urinary Na+ excretion 1-5 hr after the load was higher in all full term infants studied, but the difference was significant only in 3-to 7-day-old infants. In 7 of the 10 preterm infants the urinary Na+ excretion was higher following the NaHCO3 load than following the NaCl load. The mean difference between the tests averaged 1 mmol Na+/1.73 m2/hr and was significant. A somewhat higher daily allowance of NaHCO3 (15 mmol/kg/24 hr) than of NaCl (12 mmol/kg/24 hr) is therefore recommended.
以往关于新生儿耐盐性的建议主要基于对新生儿排泄氯化钠能力的了解。由于仅根据对氯化钠的耐受性很难预测对碳酸氢钠的耐受性，因此开展了一项等量氯化钠和碳酸氢钠给药后钠排泄的对比研究。对49名0至2天和3至7天的足月儿分别给予口服氯化钠或碳酸氢钠。10名早产儿（胎龄30至35周，出生后2至18天）在间隔2天后分别给予氯化钠和碳酸氢钠。所有接受研究的足月儿在给药后1至5小时的平均尿钠排泄量更高，但仅在3至7日龄的婴儿中差异具有统计学意义。10名早产儿中有7名在给予碳酸氢钠后尿钠排泄量高于给予氯化钠后。两次测试的平均差异为1 mmol Na+/1.73 m2/小时，具有统计学意义。因此，建议碳酸氢钠的每日摄入量（15 mmol/kg/24小时）略高于氯化钠（12 mmol/kg/24小时）。
