McMillan D E, Li M, Hardwick W C
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1997 Feb;56(2):161-6. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(96)00176-1.
The effects of pentobarbital, diazepam, phencyclidine, buspirone and methamphetamine on drug discrimination and on responding under a variable-interval variable-interval with punishment schedule were studied in pigeons trained to discriminate 5.0 mg/kg pentobarbital from saline. Pentobarbital produced dose-dependent increases in the proportion of responses on the drug key and on rates of punished responding. Diazepam had very similar effects except that the dose-effect curve for punished responding turned over at the highest dose level. Phencyclidine produced only partial responding on the drug key and weakly increased punished responding. Buspirone produced small increases in punished responding, but in the drug discrimination experiments buspirone did not cause responding on the drug key. Methamphetamine did not produce responding on the drug key, nor did it increase rates of punished responding. These experiments are among the first to demonstrate that drug discrimination and other behaviors can be studied within single test sessions in the same animals and they suggest that there is a close correspondence between the discriminative stimulus effects of some drugs and their anti-punishment activity.
在训练鸽子区分5.0毫克/千克戊巴比妥和生理盐水的实验中，研究了戊巴比妥、地西泮、苯环己哌啶、丁螺环酮和甲基苯丙胺对药物辨别以及在伴有惩罚程序的可变间隔-可变间隔条件下反应的影响。戊巴比妥使药物按键反应的比例以及受惩罚反应的速率呈剂量依赖性增加。地西泮有非常相似的效果，只是受惩罚反应的剂量-效应曲线在最高剂量水平时出现翻转。苯环己哌啶仅在药物按键上产生部分反应，并微弱增加受惩罚反应。丁螺环酮使受惩罚反应有小幅增加，但在药物辨别实验中，丁螺环酮未引起药物按键反应。甲基苯丙胺未产生药物按键反应，也未增加受惩罚反应的速率。这些实验是首批证明可以在同一动物的单次测试中研究药物辨别和其他行为的实验之一，它们表明某些药物的辨别性刺激效应与其抗惩罚活性之间存在密切对应关系。
