Dubey R K, Jackson E K, Rupprecht H D, Sterzel R B
Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA 15261, USA.
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 1997 Jan;6(1):88-105. doi: 10.1097/00041552-199701000-00016.
The vasculature wall is an active, integrated organ composed of endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, as well as other cell types depending on the specific vascular segment (e.g. fibroblasts in many vascular regions). The vascular wall is not static; the vascular components (cells and extracellular matrix) dynamically increase, decrease or reorganize, or both, in response to physiological and pathological stimuli. The vascular smooth muscle cells are the final common pathway for many of these dynamic changes in vascular wall structure. In the renal glomerulus, however, the glomerular mesangial cells-a cell phenotypically related to the vascular smooth muscle cells-also participate. Although sometimes beneficial, changes in vascular or glomerular structure often lead to cardiovascular (e.g. atherosclerosis, restenosis, intimal hyperplasia) and renovascular (e.g. glomerulosclerosis) diseases. Consequently, much effort has been expended to elucidate the mechanisms that control growth and extracellular matrix production by vascular smooth muscle cells and glomerular mesangial cells. The purpose of this review is to discuss recent developments.
血管壁是一个活跃的、整合的器官，由内皮细胞和血管平滑肌细胞以及其他细胞类型组成，具体取决于特定的血管节段（例如许多血管区域中的成纤维细胞）。血管壁并非静止不变；血管成分（细胞和细胞外基质）会根据生理和病理刺激动态增加、减少或重新组织，或两者兼而有之。血管平滑肌细胞是血管壁结构中许多此类动态变化的最终共同途径。然而，在肾小体中，肾小球系膜细胞（一种在表型上与血管平滑肌细胞相关的细胞）也参与其中。尽管血管或肾小球结构的变化有时是有益的，但它们常常会导致心血管疾病（例如动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、内膜增生）和肾血管疾病（例如肾小球硬化症）。因此，人们付出了很多努力来阐明控制血管平滑肌细胞和肾小球系膜细胞生长及细胞外基质产生的机制。本综述的目的是讨论近期的进展。
