Osipov I B, Kazachkov S A, Smirnova L P, Popova E D
Urol Nefrol (Mosk). 1996 Sep-Oct(5):21-3.
129 children with exstrophy of the bladder underwent primary surgical reconstruction according to G. A. Bairov. Morphofunctional findings in these children gave grounds for determination of three degrees of the bladder congenital defects. 39 patients had defect of the 1st degree, 53 of the 2nd and 37 of the 3d degree. The results of plastic reconstruction of the bladder with local tissue support the validity of such procedure only for patients with the congenital defect degree I. For degree II the benefit is relative. In degree III plastic surgery in contraindicated.
129例膀胱外翻患儿根据G. A. 巴伊罗夫方法接受了一期手术重建。这些患儿的形态功能检查结果为确定膀胱先天性缺陷的三个程度提供了依据。39例为I度缺陷患者，53例为II度，37例为III度。采用局部组织进行膀胱整形重建的结果表明，该手术仅对I度先天性缺陷患者有效。对II度患者的益处是相对的。III度患者禁忌进行整形手术。
