de la Fuente L, Saavedra P, Barrio G, Royuela L, Vicente J
Delegación del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional sobre Drogas, Paseo del Prado, Madrid, Spain.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1996 Mar;40(3):185-94. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(95)01208-7.
We studied the evolution of the purity and other characteristics of heroin seized in 17 Spanish provinces (especially seizures presumed to be street drugs) and explored their relation with the prevalence and recent changes in intravenous use. We found great variability in purity within and between provinces: in provinces with large cities the purity is similar to or greater than that detected elsewhere in Europe, in others it is less than 30 percent, and on the island of Mallorca it is over 60 percent. Purity has increased in recent years. The heroin in circulation is predominantly brown in all of Spain except on the Mediterranean coast. The principal adulterants detected are caffeine, paracetamol and piracetam; phenobarbital and procaine have disappeared. In provinces where white heroin is in circulation, most heroin users in treatment use the intravenous route; in provinces where brown heroin predominates, the proportion of chasers increases with increasing purity of heroin (correlation coefficient = 0.6). The disappearance of white heroin has paralleled the spread of the phenomenon of chasing.
我们研究了在西班牙17个省份查获的海洛因纯度及其他特性的演变情况（特别是假定为街头毒品的查获情况），并探讨了它们与静脉注射吸毒的流行率及近期变化之间的关系。我们发现，各省份内部及省份之间的纯度差异很大：在有大城市的省份，纯度与欧洲其他地方检测到的纯度相似或更高，在其他省份则低于30%，而在马略卡岛则超过60%。近年来纯度有所上升。除地中海沿岸外，西班牙各地流通的海洛因主要为棕色。检测到的主要掺杂物有咖啡因、对乙酰氨基酚和吡拉西坦；苯巴比妥和普鲁卡因已消失。在流通白色海洛因的省份，接受治疗的海洛因使用者大多采用静脉注射途径；在棕色海洛因占主导的省份，随着海洛因纯度的提高，“追龙”者的比例也在增加（相关系数 = 0.6）。白色海洛因的消失与“追龙”现象的蔓延同步。
