Blackman E, Binder S, Gaultier C, Benveniste R, Cecilio M
Department of Pathology, Midway Hospital Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Am J Gastroenterol. 1997 Mar;92(3):451-3.
To determine the optimal number of stool specimens needed for the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis.
Four hundred thirty-five admissions were reviewed (291 patients) in which stool specimens were examined for Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts (mean of 1.47 specimens per admission), using a modified acid-fast stain. The diagnostic yield of each specimen was determined.
Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were found in 81 of 435 admissions (18.6%). Ninety-six percent of the positive cases were detected on the first stool specimen analysis, and 100% were detected by the second specimen.
Examination of one specimen is generally appropriate for the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis in a hospitalized patient with AIDS presenting with diarrhea. Examination of a second specimen may be appropriate if the first specimen is negative and there is a high clinical index of suspicion.
确定诊断隐孢子虫病所需粪便标本的最佳数量。
回顾了435例入院病例（291名患者），使用改良抗酸染色法对粪便标本进行微小隐孢子虫卵囊检查（每次入院平均1.47份标本）。确定每份标本的诊断阳性率。
435例入院病例中有81例（18.6%）检测到微小隐孢子虫卵囊。96%的阳性病例在首次粪便标本分析时被检测到，第二次标本检测时100%被检测到。
对于出现腹泻的住院艾滋病患者，通常检查一份标本就足以诊断隐孢子虫病。如果第一份标本为阴性且临床怀疑指数较高，检查第二份标本可能是合适的。
