Bender A M, Donnerstein R L, Samson R A, Zhu D, Goldberg S J
Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Iucson, USA.
Am J Cardiol. 1997 Mar 1;79(5):696-9. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(96)00848-x.
This study investigated hemodynamic effects of acute caffeine ingestion in young adults 21 to 26 years of age. Data showed an increase in heart rate corrected velocity of circumferential fiber shortening at an indexed afterload up to 4.5 hours following caffeine consumption.