VanBiervliet A
Am J Ment Defic. 1977 Sep;82(2):178-86.
This study was designed to determine if sign-object and sign-word training would lead to acquisition of word-object associations and to test the proposal that if two stimuli control the same response, training a new response to one of the stimuli would increase the probability of the second stimulus also controlling that response. The participants were six institutionalized retarded males, each having some receptive and productive speech as well as imitative motor and verbal skills. Nonsense words, signs, and objects were used as the stimuli in this study. All participants were sequentially trained to: (a) pair the objects with their identical matches, (b) imitate the manual signs, (c) pair the manual signs with the objects, (d) imitate the nonsense words, and (e) pair the manual signs with the words. Following this training, participants were given receptive and productive word-object association probes. All participants performed at an 87 percent correct level or better on the first receptive probes, and all performed at a 73 percent correct level or better on the first productive probes. These individuals demonstrated that following sign-object and sign-word training, they could correctly associate the word with the object.
本研究旨在确定符号-物体和符号-单词训练是否会导致单词-物体联想的习得，并检验以下假设：如果两种刺激控制相同的反应，对其中一种刺激训练新的反应会增加另一种刺激也控制该反应的可能性。参与者是六名机构收容的智力迟钝男性，每人都有一定的接受性和表达性言语能力，以及模仿动作和言语技能。本研究使用无意义单词、符号和物体作为刺激。所有参与者依次接受训练：(a) 将物体与相同的匹配物配对，(b) 模仿手势符号，(c) 将手势符号与物体配对，(d) 模仿无意义单词，以及 (e) 将手势符号与单词配对。经过此训练后，对参与者进行接受性和表达性单词-物体联想测试。所有参与者在首次接受性测试中正确率达到87% 或更高，在首次表达性测试中正确率达到73% 或更高。这些个体表明，经过符号-物体和符号-单词训练后，他们能够正确地将单词与物体联系起来。
