Umenai T, Narula M, Onuki D, Yamamoto T, Igari T
Department of Health Policy and Planning, School of International Health, University of Tokyo, Japan.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1997;14 Suppl 2:S58-67. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199700002-00011.
As the epicenter of the HIV/AIDS pandemic shifts from Africa to Asia, Japan is becoming ever more aware of the importance of containing and preventing spread of the virus. International collaboration, particularly with the United States, is a logical approach because it allows utilization of expertise from countries in other stages of the pandemic, can prevent duplication of efforts, and complements efforts of the other countries. Further, both Japan and the United States can use their combined influence and prestige to encourage cooperation among all nations. In 1994, Japan established the Global Issues Initiative to extend cooperation to developing countries in the areas of population and AIDS control. It has disbursed more than $460 million (U.S.$) to promote active cooperation and stimulate international attention to the importance of addressing these health issues. Japan has established four main programs for international collaboration for control of HIV and AIDS, three operated by ministries and one by a Japanese nongovernmental organization. Japanese/United States collaboration is developing through the United States/Japan Cooperative Medical Sciences Program, the Common Agenda for Cooperation in Global Perspective, the Paris Summit, and the United Nations Joint Programme on AIDS. It is critical that Japan and the United States, as the two largest donors to international development, demonstrate, through their collaboration, ways to maximize the use of limited resources, reduce duplication, and promote sustainable development programs in which HIV prevention and AIDS care programs are systemically integrated.
随着艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行的中心从非洲转移到亚洲，日本越来越意识到控制和防止该病毒传播的重要性。国际合作，特别是与美国的合作，是一种合理的方式，因为它能利用处于疫情不同阶段国家的专业知识，避免工作重复，并补充其他国家的努力。此外，日本和美国都可以利用它们的综合影响力和威望来鼓励所有国家开展合作。1994年，日本设立了全球问题倡议，在人口与艾滋病控制领域向发展中国家提供合作。它已拨款超过4.6亿美元来促进积极合作，并促使国际社会关注解决这些健康问题的重要性。日本已设立了四个控制艾滋病毒和艾滋病国际合作的主要项目，其中三个由政府部门运作，一个由日本非政府组织运作。日美合作正通过美日合作医学科学项目、全球视角合作共同议程、巴黎峰会以及联合国艾滋病联合规划署不断发展。至关重要的是，作为国际发展的两大捐助国，日本和美国应通过合作展示如何最大限度地利用有限资源、减少重复，并推动将艾滋病毒预防和艾滋病护理项目系统整合在内的可持续发展项目。
