Brown T, Gayle J, Morita K, Brenden N
East-West Center, Honolulu, Hawaii 96848, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1997;14 Suppl 2:S68-80. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199700002-00012.
At a time when funds for international HIV/AIDS prevention and care appear to be declining, coordinated efforts that maximize resource impact are critical. As leaders in the international community and the world's two largest donors of development assistance, it is appropriate for the United States and Japan to cooperate in global HIV prevention and coping efforts. These contributions can come not only from funding prevention and care programs and contributing research and technical expertise but also in setting international policy and standards applied for assistance in grant funding. As a basis for understanding the different roles of the two countries in the global response, the Japanese and United States domestic responses to the epidemic are briefly reviewed, followed by a discussion of past international efforts by both nations. The conceptual frameworks created by the Common Agenda, the Paris Summit, and the UN Joint Programme on AIDS suggest several policy and programmatic areas in which Japan/United States collaboration can have a major impact on the effectiveness of international efforts. These include placing emphasis on support for vulnerable communities and those affected by the epidemic, providing political and technical support for a coordinated international response, expanding the implementation of complementary bilateral HIV/AIDS efforts, and working together to improve research and training programs.
在国际艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防和护理资金似乎不断减少之际，最大限度提高资源影响力的协调努力至关重要。作为国际社会的领导者以及全球最大的两个发展援助捐助国，美国和日本在全球艾滋病毒预防及应对工作中开展合作是恰当的。这些贡献不仅可以来自为预防和护理项目提供资金以及贡献研究和技术专长，还体现在制定用于援助拨款的国际政策和标准方面。作为理解两国在全球应对中不同角色的基础，本文简要回顾了日本和美国国内对该流行病的应对情况，随后讨论了两国过去的国际努力。《共同议程》、巴黎峰会以及联合国艾滋病联合规划署所建立的概念框架表明了几个政策和项目领域，美日合作在这些领域能够对国际努力的成效产生重大影响。这些领域包括着重支持弱势群体和受该流行病影响的人群，为协调一致的国际应对提供政治和技术支持，扩大双边艾滋病毒/艾滋病补充努力的实施范围，以及共同努力改进研究和培训项目。
