Rienzi B M, McMillin J D, Dickson C L, Crauthers D, McNeill K F, Pesina M D, Mann E
Department of Psychology, California State University, Bakersfield 93311-1099, USA.
J Drug Educ. 1996;26(4):339-47. doi: 10.2190/52C7-5P6B-FPH2-K5AH.
Gender role socialization differentially influences attitudes toward substance abuse for boys and girls. Students (n = 968, 456 = males, M age = 16.20, SD = 1.20) were administered a questionnaire to assess their perceptions of attitudes toward substance abuse. Boys' approval was significantly different than the level of approval estimated for girls on teenagers drinking beer or wine coolers chi 2 (4,n = 931) = 418.58, p < .00001, drinking hard liquor chi 2 (4,n = 921) = 432.49, p < .00001, driving after drinking chi 2 (4,n = 924) = 492.32, p < .00001, smoking marijuana chi 2 (4,n = 921) = 609.62, p < .00001, smoking cigarettes chi 2 (4,n = 927) = 480.35, p < .00001, taking diet pills to lose weight chi 2 (4,n = 914) = 185.05, p < .00001, and taking diet pills to get high chi 2 (4,n = 921) = 428.43, p < .00001. Teens viewed getting drunk at a party as more acceptable than driving after drinking 2 (4,n = 921) = 264.10, p < .00001, but gave boys more approval than girls for driving after drinking. Possible implications of these findings are discussed.
性别角色社会化对男孩和女孩对待药物滥用的态度有不同影响。对968名学生（456名男性，平均年龄16.20岁，标准差1.20）进行问卷调查，以评估他们对药物滥用态度的认知。在青少年饮用啤酒或果味酒方面，男孩的认可度与估计的女孩认可度存在显著差异，卡方检验（4，n = 931）= 418.58，p <.00001；饮用烈性酒方面，卡方检验（4，n = 921）= 432.49，p <.00001；酒后驾车方面，卡方检验（4，n = 924）= 492.32，p <.00001；吸食大麻方面，卡方检验（4，n = 921）= 609.62，p <.00001；吸烟方面，卡方检验（4，n = 927）= 480.35，p <.00001；服用减肥药减肥方面，卡方检验（4，n = 914）= 185.05，p <.00001；服用减肥药致幻方面，卡方检验（4，n = 921）= 428.43，p <.00001中。青少年认为在派对上喝醉比酒后驾车更可接受，卡方检验（4，n = 921）= 264.10，p <.00001，但在酒后驾车方面，男孩比女孩得到更多认可。本文讨论了这些研究结果可能的影响。
