Division of Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
J Addict Med. 2011 Mar;5(1):65-73. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0b013e3181d8dc62.
Marijuana use in adolescents is associated with many adverse outcomes, including neurobiological and health consequences. Despite this, little is known about gender differences in the correlates of adolescent marijuana use. This study attempted to fill this gap by examining gender differences in the correlates of lifetime and past 30-day marijuana use. Data from a cross-sectional statewide survey of adolescent risk behavior participation in Connecticut were analyzed using χ and hierarchical logistic regression methodologies to examine the demographic, psychosocial, and risk behavior correlates of adolescent marijuana use. Gender-by-trait interactions were tested with hierarchical logistic regression. Of the 4523 participants (51.8% females, 75.8% white), 40.4% endorsed lifetime marijuana use and 24.5% endorsed past 30-day marijuana use. Risk behavior participation, particularly other substance use, had the most robust associations with lifetime and past 30-day adolescent marijuana use; participation in extracurricular activities seemed protective. Gender interactions were observed for African American, Asian, or other race and participation in extracurricular activities; in these 3 cases, males had a greater likelihood of use. They were also observed for having a job (lifetime use only), with females having elevated odds, and past 30-day cigarette smoking (past 30-day use only), with males having elevated odds. Finally, there was preliminary evidence of a faster transition from initiation of marijuana use to regular use in females, when compared with males. These results indicate important gender differences in the correlates of marijuana use in adolescents, and these findings may facilitate the development of gender-informed prevention and early intervention programs for adolescent marijuana use.
青少年吸食大麻与许多不良后果有关，包括神经生物学和健康后果。尽管如此，对于青少年大麻使用的相关性的性别差异知之甚少。本研究试图通过检查一生中与过去 30 天大麻使用相关的性别差异来填补这一空白。使用 χ 和分层逻辑回归方法分析了康涅狄格州青少年风险行为参与的横断面全州调查的数据，以检查与青少年大麻使用相关的人口统计学、心理社会和风险行为因素。使用分层逻辑回归测试了性别-特质相互作用。在 4523 名参与者中（51.8%为女性，75.8%为白人），40.4%的人报告一生中使用过大麻，24.5%的人报告过去 30 天使用过大麻。风险行为参与，特别是其他物质使用，与一生中及过去 30 天青少年大麻使用的关联最为密切；课外活动的参与似乎具有保护作用。对于非裔美国人、亚裔或其他种族以及课外活动的参与，观察到了性别交互作用；在这 3 种情况下，男性使用的可能性更大。对于有工作（仅终生使用）和过去 30 天吸烟（仅过去 30 天使用）也观察到了性别交互作用，女性的可能性更高，男性的可能性更高。最后，与男性相比，女性在大麻使用开始到常规使用的过渡中似乎更快，这初步表明了这种情况。这些结果表明，青少年大麻使用的相关性存在重要的性别差异，这些发现可能有助于为青少年大麻使用制定性别知情的预防和早期干预计划。
