Badruddin S H, Inam S N, Ramzanali S, Hendricks K
Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
J Pak Med Assoc. 1997 Feb;47(2):63-8.
Appropriate breast feeding practices (ABFP) are important for successful lactation. Constraints to adoption of ABFP by mothers in a squatter settlement in Karachi, Pakistan are reported. One hundred and two mother-infant pairs were followed from birth to 16 weeks of age. Eighty-seven infants received prelacteal feeds of honey as a quasi-religious ritual, 16 received ghutti for "cleansing of stomach", other prelacteal feeds were given as substitutes for breast feeding. Twenty nine mothers initiated breast feeding within 4 hours of birth. Supplemental water was given to 53 infants; major reasons being mothers' perception of thirst and diarrhoea in the infant. Supplemental milk was given to 24 infants. Insufficient milk and work load of mothers were main reasons for supplementation. Home remedies were given in 36 instances for prevention/treatment of indigestion or colds. Quasi-religious ritual of giving honey, perception that child birth was a major stress and early initiation of breast feeding adds to that stress, fear of dehydration and perception of insufficient breast milk were the major constraints to adoption of appropriate breast feeding practices.
适当的母乳喂养做法（ABFP）对成功泌乳很重要。本文报道了巴基斯坦卡拉奇一个棚户区母亲采用ABFP所面临的限制因素。对102对母婴从出生至16周龄进行了跟踪研究。87名婴儿因一种类似宗教仪式而在开奶前喂食蜂蜜，16名婴儿因“清理肠胃”而喂食酥油，其他开奶前喂食则作为母乳喂养的替代品。29名母亲在婴儿出生后4小时内开始母乳喂养。53名婴儿接受了补充水分，主要原因是母亲认为婴儿口渴和腹泻。24名婴儿接受了补充牛奶，补充的主要原因是母亲认为母乳不足以及自身工作量大。有36例采用了家庭疗法来预防/治疗消化不良或感冒。喂食蜂蜜的类似宗教仪式、认为分娩是一种重大压力且早期开始母乳喂养会加重这种压力、对脱水的恐惧以及认为母乳不足是采用适当母乳喂养做法的主要限制因素。
