波前曲率在心脏冲动传播中的作用。
Role of wavefront curvature in propagation of cardiac impulse.
作者信息
Fast V G, Kléber A G
机构信息
Department of Physiology, University of Berne, Switzerland.
出版信息
Cardiovasc Res. 1997 Feb;33(2):258-71. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6363(96)00216-7.
It is traditionally assumed that impulse propagation in cardiac muscle is determined by the combination of two factors: (1) the active properties of cardiac cell membranes and (2) the passive electrical characteristics of the network formed by cardiac cells. However, advances made recently in the theory of generic excitable media suggest that an additional factor-the geometry of excitation wavefronts -may play an important role. In particular, impulse propagation strongly depends on the wavefront curvature on a small spatial scale. In the heart, excitation wavefronts have pronounced curvatures in several situations including waves initiated by small electrodes, waves emerging from narrow tissue structures, and waves propagating around the sharp edges of anatomical obstacles or around a zone of functional conduction block during spiral wave rotation. In this short review we consider the theoretical background relating impulse propagation to wavefront curvature and we estimate the role of wavefront curvature in electrical stimulation, formation of conduction block, and the dynamic behavior of spiral waves.
传统上认为，心肌中的冲动传播由两个因素共同决定：（1）心肌细胞膜的主动特性；（2）心肌细胞形成的网络的被动电学特性。然而，近期通用可兴奋介质理论的进展表明，另一个因素——兴奋波前的几何形状——可能起重要作用。特别是，在小空间尺度上，冲动传播强烈依赖于波前曲率。在心脏中，兴奋波前在几种情况下具有明显的曲率，包括由小电极引发的波、从狭窄组织结构中出现的波，以及在螺旋波旋转期间围绕解剖障碍物的尖锐边缘或功能性传导阻滞区域传播的波。在这篇简短的综述中，我们考虑了将冲动传播与波前曲率相关联的理论背景，并评估了波前曲率在电刺激、传导阻滞形成以及螺旋波动态行为中的作用。
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