Guptill L, Scott-Moncrieff J C, Widmer W R
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1997 Mar;27(2):215-35. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(97)50028-3.
Diagnosis of canine hyperadrenocorticism can only be made when a suspicion of the disorder persists after completion of a thorough history and physical examination. The first diagnostic testing steps include a complete blood count, serum biochemical tests, and urinalysis with urine culture. Radiography or ultrasonography may also be necessary, depending on physical findings. Screening tests are next applied to support or exclude the clinical diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism. After the diagnosis has been made, discrimination tests are applied to determine whether the cause is pituitary or adrenal. The limitations of screening tests, particularly in the presence of nonadrenal diseases, cannot be overemphasized. We recommend that neither screening tests nor discrimination tests for hyperadrenocorticism be used in dogs with concurrent nonadrenal disease.
只有在完成全面的病史采集和体格检查后，对犬肾上腺皮质功能亢进症的怀疑仍然存在时，才能做出诊断。最初的诊断性检测步骤包括全血细胞计数、血清生化检测以及尿液培养的尿液分析。根据体格检查结果，可能还需要进行放射摄影或超声检查。接下来应用筛查试验以支持或排除肾上腺皮质功能亢进症的临床诊断。确诊后，应用鉴别试验来确定病因是垂体性还是肾上腺性。筛查试验的局限性，尤其是在存在非肾上腺疾病的情况下，再怎么强调也不为过。我们建议，对于并发非肾上腺疾病的犬，既不使用肾上腺皮质功能亢进症的筛查试验，也不使用鉴别试验。
