Cran D G, Johnson L A
Mastercalf Limited, Scottish Agricultural College, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, UK.
Hum Reprod Update. 1996 Jul-Aug;2(4):355-63. doi: 10.1093/humupd/2.4.355.
A review is given of the predetermination of sex in various domestic animals and in the human using sperm samples enriched for X- or Y-chromosome bearing spermatozoa obtained by flow cytometry and cell sorting. A comparison of other putative methods of sperm separation is made. In separating human X and Y spermatozoa, measurements of the DNA content in each individual gamete using the Hoechst fluorochrome 33342 remains the only validated method. The difference in DNA content between human X and Y spermatozoa is approximately 2.8%, and cell sorters have been adapted to take account of this and the asymmetrical nature of the sperm head. DNA analyses and PCR have been used to validate the method for animal spermatozoa. In the human, fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) has confirmed sorting accuracy. Many correctly-diagnosed normal offspring have been born in various animal species and any potential mutagenic or cytotoxic effects are being closely monitored as are the cost and efficiency of the technology.
本文综述了利用流式细胞术和细胞分选技术获得的富含X或Y染色体精子的精子样本，对各种家畜和人类进行性别预先确定的情况。并对其他假定的精子分离方法进行了比较。在分离人类X和Y精子时，使用Hoechst荧光染料33342测量每个配子中的DNA含量仍然是唯一经过验证的方法。人类X和Y精子之间的DNA含量差异约为2.8%，细胞分选仪已作了调整以考虑到这一点以及精子头部的不对称性质。DNA分析和聚合酶链反应已用于验证动物精子的该方法。在人类中，荧光原位杂交（FISH）已证实分选的准确性。各种动物物种已诞生了许多诊断正确的正常后代，并且正在密切监测任何潜在的诱变或细胞毒性作用以及该技术的成本和效率。
