Tisch M, Enderle G, Zöller J, Maier H
Abteilung Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf-und Halschirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus, Ulm.
Laryngorhinootologie. 1996 Dec;75(12):759-63. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-997671.
So far, only few studies exist which investigated the influence of occupational factors on the risk of oral cancer.
A case control study enrolling 100 patients with carcinomas of the oral cavity and 400 randomized control persons was performed to analyze occupational risk factors for oral cancer.
Twenty-two percent of the tumor patients and only 8.5% of the control persons were employed as machine workers. The relative risk for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity was 3.4 (K.I.: 1.7-7.0) for machine workers (adjusted for alcohol and tobacco). Single case analysis showed that 96.3% of the machine workers with oral cancer and only 17.3% of the machine workers in the control group were exposed to dust, especially metal dust (55.5% vs. 9.7%). Also the exposure to paint, lacquer, and varnish containing chromium and nickel was significantly higher in machine workers with cancer of the oral cavity than in the machine workers without cancer (29.6% vs. 10.9%).
The findings suggest that exposition to various types of dust, especially metal dust, increases the risk of oral cancer in machine worker patients.
到目前为止，仅有少数研究调查了职业因素对口腔癌风险的影响。
开展了一项病例对照研究，纳入100例口腔癌患者和400例随机选取的对照人员，以分析口腔癌的职业风险因素。
22%的肿瘤患者和仅8.5%的对照人员为机械工人。机械工人患口腔鳞状细胞癌的相对风险为3.4（可信区间：1.7 - 7.0）（校正了酒精和烟草因素）。单病例分析显示，96.3%的患口腔癌的机械工人和仅17.3%的对照组机械工人接触粉尘，尤其是金属粉尘（55.5%对9.7%）。此外，患口腔癌的机械工人接触含铬和镍的油漆、清漆和 varnish 的情况也显著高于未患癌的机械工人（29.6%对10.9%）。
研究结果表明，接触各类粉尘，尤其是金属粉尘，会增加机械工人患口腔癌的风险。
