Lanzola G, Quaglini S, Stefanelli M
Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Universitá di Pavia, Italy.
Methods Inf Med. 1995 Mar;34(1-2):25-39.
Knowledge-based systems (KBS) have been proposed to solve a large variety of medical problems. A strategic issue for KBS development and maintenance are the efforts required for both knowledge engineers and domain experts. The proposed solution is building efficient knowledge acquisition (KA) tools. This paper presents a set of KA tools we are developing within a European Project called GAMES II. They have been designed after the formulation of an epistemological model of medical reasoning. The main goal is that of developing a computational framework which allows knowledge engineers and domain experts to interact cooperatively in developing a medical KBS. To this aim, a set of reusable software components is highly recommended. Their design was facilitated by the development of a methodology for KBS construction. It views this process as comprising two activities: the tailoring of the epistemological model to the specific medical task to be executed and the subsequent translation of this model into a computational architecture so that the connections between computational structures and their knowledge level counterparts are maintained. The KA tools we developed are illustrated taking examples from the behavior of a KBS we are building for the management of children with acute myeloid leukemia.
基于知识的系统（KBS）已被提出用于解决各种各样的医学问题。KBS开发和维护的一个战略问题是知识工程师和领域专家所需付出的努力。提议的解决方案是构建高效的知识获取（KA）工具。本文介绍了我们在一个名为GAMES II的欧洲项目中正在开发的一组KA工具。它们是在制定医学推理的认识论模型之后设计的。主要目标是开发一个计算框架，使知识工程师和领域专家能够在开发医学KBS时进行合作互动。为了实现这一目标，强烈推荐使用一组可重用的软件组件。KBS构建方法的开发促进了它们的设计。该方法将此过程视为包括两项活动：根据要执行的特定医学任务对认识论模型进行定制，以及随后将该模型转换为计算架构，以便维持计算结构与其知识层面对应物之间的联系。我们以正在构建的用于管理急性髓系白血病患儿的KBS的行为为例，说明了我们开发的KA工具。
