Grellner W, Madea B
Instituten für Rechtsmedizin, Universitäten Köln.
Arch Kriminol. 1996 Nov-Dec;198(5-6):167-75.
In this paper considerations from the view-point of forensic examiners are presented on various issues in fatal traumatic asphyxia such as reconstruction and frequently difficult evaluation of the survival time. The study includes several autopsy cases with diverse mechanisms of compression and graduated importance of asphyxia for death. The reconstruction of the diagnosis of traumatic asphyxia was possible in a case of exhumation after more than 5 months in the synopsis of necropsy and judicial inquiry. Very short survival periods of minutes and compression times of seconds are sufficient for the production of the typical external characteristics. Thoracic compression can cause death within minutes (limiting factor: resuscitation time of the brain). In addition to other well-known local and general vitality markers, clods or parts of plants in the hands of the decedents can point to vain attempts of self-escape and confirm the diagnosis of vitality.
本文从法医检验人员的角度，对致命性创伤性窒息的各种问题进行了探讨，如重建以及生存时间的评估，而生存时间的评估往往颇具难度。该研究涵盖了几例尸检案例，这些案例具有不同的压迫机制以及窒息对死亡的不同重要程度。在一份尸检和司法调查概要中，对于一起时隔5个多月后开棺验尸的案例，有可能重建创伤性窒息的诊断。短短几分钟的生存期和数秒的压迫时间就足以产生典型的外部特征。胸部受压可在数分钟内导致死亡（限制因素：大脑的复苏时间）。除了其他众所周知的局部和全身活力指标外，死者手中的土块或植物碎片可能表明其徒劳的自救尝试，并有助于确认存在生前迹象。
