Cooper R, Rotimi C, Ataman S, McGee D, Osotimehin B, Kadiri S, Muna W, Kingue S, Fraser H, Forrester T, Bennett F, Wilks R
Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Ill 60153, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1997 Feb;87(2):160-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.87.2.160.
This study was undertaken to describe the distribution of blood pressures, hypertension prevalence, and associated risk factors among seven populations of West African origin.
The rates of hypertension in West Africa (Nigeria and Cameroon), the Caribbean (Jamaica, St. Lucia, Barbados), and the United States (metropolitan Chicago, Illinois) were compared on the basis of a highly standardized collaborative protocol. After researchers were given central training in survey methods, population-based samples of 800 to 2500 adults over the age of 25 were examined in seven sites, yielding a total sample of 10014.
A consistent gradient of hypertension prevalence was observed, rising from 16% in West Africa to 26% in the Caribbean and 33% in the United States. Mean blood pressures were similar among persons aged 25 to 34, while the increase in hypertension prevalence with age was twice as steep in the United States as in Africa. Environmental factors, most notably obesity and the intake of sodium and potassium, varied consistently with disease prevalence across regions.
The findings demonstrate the determining role of social conditions in the evolution of hypertension risk in these populations.
本研究旨在描述七个西非裔人群的血压分布、高血压患病率及相关危险因素。
基于高度标准化的协作方案，比较了西非（尼日利亚和喀麦隆）、加勒比地区（牙买加、圣卢西亚、巴巴多斯）和美国（伊利诺伊州芝加哥市）的高血压患病率。在研究人员接受调查方法的集中培训后，在七个地点对25岁以上的800至2500名成年人进行了基于人群的抽样检查，共获得10014个样本。
观察到高血压患病率呈一致的梯度变化，从西非的16%升至加勒比地区的26%，在美国为33%。25至34岁人群的平均血压相似，而美国高血压患病率随年龄增长的增幅是非洲的两倍。环境因素，尤其是肥胖以及钠和钾的摄入量，在各地区与疾病患病率的变化一致。
研究结果表明社会条件在这些人群高血压风险演变中起决定性作用。
