加利福尼亚州阿拉米达县无家可归成年人中的药物使用障碍与治疗接触情况。
Drug use disorders and treatment contact among homeless adults in Alameda County, California.
作者信息
Robertson M J, Zlotnick C, Westerfelt A
机构信息
Alcohol Research Group, Western Consortium for Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1997 Feb;87(2):221-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.87.2.221.
OBJECTIVES
This study estimates the extent and distribution of specific drug problems among homeless adults.
METHODS
A countywide probability sample of 564 homeless adults received structured interviews that included a standardized assessment of substance use disorders.
RESULTS
Two thirds of the sample (69.1%) had a lifetime history of a substance use disorder (including abuse of or dependence on alcohol [52.6%] or drugs [52.2%]); half had a current (52.4%) substance use disorder (including alcohol [38.8%] or drugs [31.3%]). Current drug disorders were higher among respondents who were younger, homeless longer, or sampled from the city of Oakland, Calif. Alcohol use disorders were higher among men than among women; surprisingly, drug use disorders were not.
CONCLUSION
Rates of current drug use disorders for homeless adults were more than eight times higher than general population estimates. However, estimates of drug problems among homeless adults vary as a function of case ascertainment and sampling strategy. Estimates based only on samples from urban areas may overestimate drug problems among the area's larger homeless populations.
目的
本研究评估无家可归成年人中特定药物问题的程度和分布情况。
方法
对564名无家可归成年人进行全县范围的概率抽样，这些成年人接受了结构化访谈，其中包括对物质使用障碍的标准化评估。
结果
三分之二的样本（69.1%）有物质使用障碍的终生病史（包括酒精滥用或依赖[52.6%]或药物滥用或依赖[52.2%]）；一半的人目前患有物质使用障碍（52.4%）（包括酒精[38.8%]或药物[31.3%]）。在年龄较小、无家可归时间较长或来自加利福尼亚州奥克兰市的受访者中，目前的药物障碍发生率更高。男性的酒精使用障碍发生率高于女性；令人惊讶的是，药物使用障碍并非如此。
结论
无家可归成年人目前的药物使用障碍发生率比一般人群估计值高出八倍多。然而，无家可归成年人中药物问题的估计因病例确定和抽样策略而异。仅基于城市地区样本的估计可能高估了该地区较大无家可归人群中的药物问题。
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