Kayes S G
Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, USA.
Chem Immunol. 1997;66:99-124. doi: 10.1159/000058667.
The surface of T. canis is now recognized as a dynamic structure which turns over quite rapidly and serves as a renewable source of large quantities of antigen(s). The major host responses to these antigens include a marked eosinophilia and hyperglobulinemia. Both of these responses are apparently ineffective at ridding the body of infective larvae. Both eosinphils and IgE antibodies are manifestations of the Th2 subset of T helper cells and the cytokines that they secrete. Further, there is reason to believe that the antigens released from T. canis larvae favor the induction of this cellular population. Finally, there is mounting evidence that the chronic production of parasite antigen and its continued stimulation of the host immune system with a concomitant production of eosinophils can lead to a permanent alteration of the normal organization of the cardiopulmonary system. In the absence of any well-documented drugs capable of killing infective larvae, it would seem that immunological intervention may offer the only way to minimize or neutralize this 'gift from man's best friend'. This chapter was not intended to be an exhaustive review of the literature pertaining to toxocariasis. Several other recent publications will hopefully fulfill the need for more detailed information on the biology of this organism and the clinical spectrum of the disease it produces [16, 138-140]. Finally, a MEDLARS search of the current medical literature should bring anyone up to speed in a very short time.
犬弓首线虫的体表现在被认为是一种动态结构，其更新速度相当快，是大量抗原的可再生来源。宿主对这些抗原的主要反应包括明显的嗜酸性粒细胞增多和高球蛋白血症。这两种反应显然都无法有效清除体内的感染性幼虫。嗜酸性粒细胞和IgE抗体都是辅助性T细胞Th2亚群及其分泌的细胞因子的表现。此外，有理由相信犬弓首线虫幼虫释放的抗原有利于诱导这一细胞群体。最后，越来越多的证据表明，寄生虫抗原的持续产生及其对宿主免疫系统的持续刺激以及随之而来的嗜酸性粒细胞产生，可导致心肺系统正常组织结构的永久性改变。在没有任何能够杀死感染性幼虫的充分记录药物的情况下，免疫干预似乎可能是将这种“人类最好朋友的礼物”降至最低或中和的唯一方法。本章并非旨在详尽回顾有关弓首线虫病的文献。希望其他一些近期出版物能够满足对该生物体生物学及其所引发疾病临床范围更详细信息的需求[16, 138 - 140]。最后，通过医学文献分析和检索系统（MEDLARS）对当前医学文献进行检索，任何人都能在很短时间内跟上最新进展。
