Drobes D J, Tiffany S T
Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1997 Feb;106(1):15-25. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.106.1.15.
This experiment assessed reactivity to imaginal and in vivo smoking and control cues. One hundred current smokers were assessed during 2 sessions separated by a 6-hr interval, and half of the participants were abstinent from smoking over this interval. Verbal and physiological reactivity measures were selected based on their relevance for several models of urge. Results indicated that imaginal and in vivo smoking cues were equally effective at eliciting high levels of self-reported urges. Smoking deprivation led to a general enhancement in urge report, rather than a specific increase to smoking cues. Physiological responding differed somewhat as a function of urge induction method, although autonomic responses to smoking cues were uniformly consistent with the direct effects of nicotine. There was no relationship between verbal and physiological urge indices. Implications of the findings for several contemporary models of drug urges are discussed.
本实验评估了对想象中及实际吸烟和对照线索的反应性。100名当前吸烟者在间隔6小时的两次 sessions 中接受评估，且一半参与者在该间隔期内戒烟。言语和生理反应性测量基于它们与几种冲动模型的相关性而被选取。结果表明，想象中及实际吸烟线索在引发高水平的自我报告冲动方面同样有效。吸烟剥夺导致冲动报告普遍增强，而非对吸烟线索的特定增加。生理反应因冲动诱导方法而有所不同，尽管对吸烟线索的自主反应与尼古丁的直接作用一致。言语和生理冲动指标之间没有关系。讨论了这些发现对几种当代药物冲动模型的意义。
