Gross J J, Levenson R W
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, California 94305-2130, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1997 Feb;106(1):95-103. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.106.1.95.
Emotion regulation plays a central role in mental health and illness, but little is known about even the most basic forms of emotion regulation. To examine the acute effects of inhibiting negative and positive emotion, we asked 180 female participants to watch sad, neutral, and amusing films under 1 of 2 conditions. Suppression participants (N = 90) inhibited their expressive behavior while watching the films; no suppression participants (N = 90) simply watched the films. Suppression diminished expressive behavior in all 3 films and decreased amusement self-reports in sad and amusing films. Physiologically, suppression had no effect in the neutral film, but clear effects in both negative and positive emotional films, including increased sympathetic activation of the cardiovascular system. On the basis of these findings, we suggest several ways emotional inhibition may influence psychological functioning.
情绪调节在心理健康和疾病中起着核心作用，但即使是最基本的情绪调节形式，人们也知之甚少。为了研究抑制负面和正面情绪的急性影响，我们让180名女性参与者在两种条件之一的情况下观看悲伤、中性和有趣的电影。抑制组参与者（N = 90）在观看电影时抑制自己的表达行为；非抑制组参与者（N = 90）只是单纯观看电影。抑制行为减少了所有三部电影中的表达行为，并降低了悲伤和有趣电影中的娱乐自我报告。在生理方面，抑制行为在中性电影中没有效果，但在负面和正面情绪电影中都有明显效果，包括心血管系统交感神经激活增加。基于这些发现，我们提出了情绪抑制可能影响心理功能的几种方式。
