Michalska Kalina J, Díaz Dana E
Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA.
Emot Rev. 2025 Aug 6;17(4):247-267. doi: 10.1177/17540739251335577. eCollection 2025 Oct.
A central tenet in emotion research is that emotional reactivity involves convergent changes across subjective, behavioral, autonomic, and more recently neural, response systems. This has led to a model where convergence across multiple response systems facilitates an individual's emotional responses to environmental stressors. However, empirical support for this model is mixed and limited work examines whether psychobiological convergence during emotional reactions unfolds differently among children at risk for psychopathology. In this paper, we review data examining whether atypical alignment between autonomic and subjective components of emotional reactivity is evident in youth with internalizing and externalizing problems. We contend that the direction and magnitude of psychobiological convergence may be meaningful for understanding individual differences in the development of psychopathology. We focus on autonomic and self-reported responses, commonly assessed in developmental work, and explore how their alignment may reflect meaningful variation in emotional experience. We propose that understanding the neural basis of this convergence could refine developmental models of emotion and inform early identification of risk. Finally, we outline methodological considerations for studying convergence across emotional systems in youth.
情绪研究中的一个核心原则是，情绪反应涉及主观、行为、自主神经以及最近的神经反应系统的趋同变化。这导致了一个模型，即多个反应系统的趋同促进了个体对环境压力源的情绪反应。然而，对该模型的实证支持参差不齐，而且只有有限的研究考察了情绪反应过程中的心理生物学趋同现象在有精神病理学风险的儿童中是否有不同的表现。在本文中，我们回顾了相关数据，以检验情绪反应的自主神经成分与主观成分之间的非典型一致性在有内化和外化问题的青少年中是否明显。我们认为，心理生物学趋同的方向和程度对于理解精神病理学发展中的个体差异可能具有重要意义。我们关注在发展研究中常用的自主神经反应和自我报告反应，并探讨它们的一致性如何反映情绪体验中的有意义差异。我们提出，理解这种趋同的神经基础可以完善情绪发展模型，并为早期风险识别提供依据。最后，我们概述了研究青少年情绪系统趋同的方法学考量。
