Shair H N, Masmela J R, Brunelli S A, Hofer M A
Department of Psychiatry Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Dev Psychobiol. 1997 Apr;30(3):195-200. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2302(199704)30:3<195::aid-dev2>3.0.co;2-k.
Eight- and 11- to 12-day-old rat pups were tested in isolation and in the presence of an anesthetized adult under cold conditions. Pups of both ages reduced rates of ultrasonic vocalization (USV) when an adult was placed into the test cage, independent of whether the adult was their dam or an unrelated male. However, after removal of the dam, pups greatly increased their rates of USV over their first isolation period and in comparison with control pups. USV rates remained low after removal of the male. The temperature challenges faced by the pups in the two experimental conditions were the same. These phenomena are better explained by a hypothesis that postulates USV rate as being multiply determined, including by social cues, rather than a theory that considers thermal challenge only.
在寒冷条件下，对8日龄以及11至12日龄的幼鼠进行单独测试，并在有麻醉的成年鼠在场的情况下进行测试。当将一只成年鼠放入测试笼时，这两个年龄段的幼鼠都会降低超声波发声（USV）的频率，无论该成年鼠是它们的母鼠还是无关的雄鼠。然而，在母鼠被移走后，幼鼠在其第一个隔离期内的USV频率大幅增加，且与对照幼鼠相比也是如此。雄鼠被移走后，USV频率仍然很低。在两种实验条件下，幼鼠面临的温度挑战是相同的。这些现象用一个假设来解释更好，该假设假定USV频率是由多种因素决定的，包括社会线索，而不是一个仅考虑热挑战的理论。
