Chubb N H, Fertman C I, Ross J L
University of Pittsburgh, Maximizing Adolescent Potentials Program, PA 15260, USA.
Adolescence. 1997 Spring;32(125):113-29.
The questions of whether self-esteem and locus of control change during the high school years, and whether gender differences exist in these variables were considered in this study. Participants consisted of 174 students who were ninth graders in 1989 and who were surveyed each spring for four years. Two-way ANOVAs were used to measure changes in self-esteem and locus of control over the four years as well as gender differences. A significant main effect for gender with lower self-esteem scores for girls was found. For locus of control, there was a significant main effect for grade and an interaction between grade and gender.
本研究探讨了自尊和控制点在高中阶段是否会发生变化，以及这些变量是否存在性别差异。研究对象为174名学生，他们在1989年是九年级学生，并在随后的四年里每年春天接受调查。采用双向方差分析来测量这四年间自尊和控制点的变化以及性别差异。结果发现，性别存在显著主效应，女孩的自尊得分较低。对于控制点，年级存在显著主效应，且年级与性别之间存在交互作用。
