Veierød M B, Eskild A, Stigum H, Thorvaldsen J, Magnus P
Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Scand J Soc Med. 1997 Mar;25(1):33-8.
The three main objectives of this study were to estimate the proportion of the Norwegian population with experience of homosexual behaviour, to study the degree of change in sexual practices among homosexual men during a 5-year period and to study the degree of change in sexual practices reported by HIV positive homosexual men from before to after awareness of HIV-positivity. The data comes from two questionnaire surveys (in 1987 and 1992) of sexual behaviour in the general population of Norway and a questionnaire study of sexual behaviour before and after awareness of HIV-positivity among HIV-positive homosexual men taking part in a cohort study starting in 1988 (the Oslo HIV cohort study). Estimation of the proportion of subjects with homosexual experience was made as well as a trend analysis of the number of male sexual partners per year, number of intercourses per month, condom use and anal sex. Among men aged 18 to 60 from the general population, 3.8% reported homosexual practice during lifetime and 1.2% during the past 3 years. Among women, the same percentages were 3.1 and 1.0. In the surveys, the number of male partners per year decreased significantly for men with current homosexual experience from a yearly median of 1.0 in 1987 to 0.3 in 1992 (p = 0.02). Among HIV-positives, the number of male partners decreased from a yearly median of 4.3 before to 1.6 after awareness of HIV-seropositivity (p < 0.01). Among HIV-positives, a significant increase in the use of condoms, a decrease in the number of intercourses and a decrease in the frequency of anal sex was found. The results show that some changes in sexual practice may have occurred among homosexual men in general in the period from 1987 to 1992, and that more significant changes may have occurred for HIV-positive men. The present data do not support other findings of a relapse to more unsafe sex, but suggest that there is still a need to keep modifying behaviour in order to stop the spread of HIV among men who have sex with other men.
估算有过同性恋行为经历的挪威人口比例；研究男同性恋者在5年期间性行为的变化程度；研究感染艾滋病毒的男同性恋者在知晓自己感染艾滋病毒前后所报告的性行为变化程度。数据来自挪威普通人群性行为的两次问卷调查（1987年和1992年），以及对参与始于1988年的一项队列研究（奥斯陆艾滋病毒队列研究）的感染艾滋病毒的男同性恋者在知晓艾滋病毒阳性前后性行为的问卷调查。对有同性恋经历的受试者比例进行了估算，并对每年男性性伴侣数量、每月性交次数、避孕套使用情况和肛交情况进行了趋势分析。在普通人群18至60岁的男性中，3.8%报告有过终生同性恋行为，过去3年中有此行为的占1.2%。女性的相应比例分别为3.1%和1.0%。在调查中，有当前同性恋经历的男性每年的性伴侣数量显著减少，从1987年的年中位数1.0降至1992年的0.3（p = 0.02）。在感染艾滋病毒者中，性伴侣数量从知晓艾滋病毒血清阳性之前的年中位数4.3降至之后的1.6（p < 0.01）。在感染艾滋病毒者中，发现避孕套使用显著增加、性交次数减少以及肛交频率降低。结果表明，1987年至1992年期间，男同性恋者总体上性行为可能发生了一些变化，而感染艾滋病毒的男性可能发生了更显著的变化。目前的数据不支持其他关于复发至更不安全性行为的研究结果，但表明仍有必要持续改变行为，以阻止艾滋病毒在男男性行为者中传播。
