Kushi L H, Fee R M, Folsom A R, Mink P J, Anderson K E, Sellers T A
Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.
JAMA. 1997;277(16):1287-92.
To evaluate the association between physical activity and all case mortality in postmenopausal women.
Prospective cohort study with 7 years of follow-up through December 31, 1992.
Subjects were 40417 postmenopausal Iowa women, aged 55 to 69 years at baseline in 1986. Physical activity was assessed by mailed questionnaire.
All-cause mortality (n=2260).
After adjustment for potential confounders and excluding women who reported having cancer or heart disease and those who died in the first 3 years of follow-up, women who reported regular physical activity were at significantly reduced risk of death during follow-up compared with women who did not (relative risk [RR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.90). Increasing frequency of moderate physical activity was associated with reduced risk of death during follow-up (from rarely or never engaging in activity to activity at least 4 times per week, RRs, 1.0 [referent], 0.76, 0.70, and 0.62; P value for trend<.001). A similar pattern was seen for vigorous physical activity (corresponding RRs, 1.0, 0.89, 0.74, and 0.57; Pvalue for trend=.06). Reduced risks of death with increased physical activity were evident for cardiovascular diseases (n=729) and respiratory illnesses (n=147). Women who engaged only in moderate but not vigorous physical activity also benefited, with moderate activity as infrequently as once per week demonstrating a reduced mortality risk of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.64-0.96).
These results demonstrate a graded, inverse association between physical activity and all-cause mortality in postmenopausal women. These findings strengthen the confidence that population recommendations to engage in regular physical activity are applicable to postmenopausal women.
评估绝经后女性的身体活动与全因死亡率之间的关联。
前瞻性队列研究，随访7年至1992年12月31日。
研究对象为40417名爱荷华州绝经后女性，1986年基线年龄为55至69岁。通过邮寄问卷评估身体活动情况。
全因死亡率（n = 2260）。
在对潜在混杂因素进行调整并排除报告患有癌症或心脏病的女性以及在随访前3年死亡的女性后，报告有规律身体活动的女性在随访期间的死亡风险显著低于未进行规律身体活动的女性（相对风险[RR]，0.77；95%置信区间[CI]，0.66 - 0.90）。中等强度身体活动频率增加与随访期间死亡风险降低相关（从不或很少进行活动到每周至少进行4次活动，RR分别为1.0[参照值]、0.76、0.70和0.62；趋势P值<0.001）。剧烈身体活动也呈现类似模式（相应RR分别为1.0、0.89、0.74和0.57；趋势P值 = 0.06）。身体活动增加使心血管疾病（n = 729）和呼吸系统疾病（n = 147）的死亡风险降低。仅进行中等强度而非剧烈身体活动的女性也有益处，每周仅进行一次中等强度活动的女性死亡率风险降低0.78（95% CI，0.64 - 0.96）。
这些结果表明绝经后女性的身体活动与全因死亡率之间存在分级的负相关关系。这些发现增强了人们对于鼓励进行规律身体活动的人群建议适用于绝经后女性的信心。
