Klein B E, Klein R, Moss S E
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53705-2397, USA.
Ophthalmology. 1997 Apr;104(4):573-80. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30267-x.
The authors describe the incidence of cataract surgery in participants of the Beaver Dam Eye Study.
Objective evidence of cataract extraction as obtained at follow-up examinations of participants of a population-based cohort is given. Participants included all adults 43 to 84 years of age who lived in the city or township of Beaver Dam, Wisconsin.
Age-adjusted incidence is significantly greater for women, for those with lower diastolic blood pressure, for those with hypertension, widows/widowers, and for those who report that their vision is worse than it had been. Multivariate analyses disclose that the following characteristics (with their respective odds ratios) are significantly associated with incident cataract surgery: age (odds ratio [OR] for 10 years 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02, 1.91); cigarette smoking (> or = 35 pack years; OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.16, 3.17); nuclear cataract (OR 35.58; 95% CI 10.12, 125.17 at age 50 years); cortical cataract (OR 3.75; 95% CI 2.40, 5.88); posterior subcapsular cataract (OR 15.51; 95% CI 8.27, 29.09); impaired vision (OR 3.76; 95% CI 2.33, 6.05); intraocular pressure (> or = 14 mmHg; OR 2.56; 95% CI 1.50, 4.38); visual sensitivity to light (OR 1.94; 95% CI 1.19, 3.17); refractive error (myopic) (OR 1.99; 95% CI 1.22, 3.24); yellow color (OR 1.69; 95% CI 1.02, 2.81); and being examined by an ophthalmologist within 2 years (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.03, 2.30).
Many factors are associated with cataract surgery, but the prior presence of posterior subcapsular cataract is the most important lens opacity. In addition, visual function changes, which may be relatively mild, are associated with subsequent incident surgery.
作者描述了比弗代姆眼研究参与者中白内障手术的发生率。
给出了基于人群队列研究参与者随访检查时获得的白内障摘除客观证据。参与者包括所有年龄在43至84岁、居住在威斯康星州比弗代姆市或镇的成年人。
年龄调整后的发病率在女性、舒张压较低者、高血压患者、丧偶者以及自述视力比以前差的人群中显著更高。多因素分析显示，以下特征（及其各自的比值比）与白内障手术显著相关：年龄（每10岁的比值比[OR]为1.40；95%置信区间[CI]为1.02, 1.91）；吸烟（≥35包年；OR为1.91；95% CI为1.16, 3.17）；核性白内障（50岁时OR为35.58；95% CI为10.12, 125.17）；皮质性白内障（OR为3.75；95% CI为2.40, 5.88）；后囊下白内障（OR为15.51；95% CI为8.27, 29.09）；视力受损（OR为3.76；95% CI为2.33, 6.05）；眼压（≥14 mmHg；OR为2.56；95% CI为1.50, 4.38）；对光的视觉敏感度（OR为1.94；95% CI为1.19, 3.17）；屈光不正（近视）（OR为1.99；95% CI为1.22, 3.24）；黄色（OR为1.69；95% CI为1.02, 2.81）；以及在2年内接受眼科医生检查（OR为1.54；95% CI为1.03, 2.30）。
许多因素与白内障手术相关，但先前存在后囊下白内障是最重要的晶状体混浊类型。此外，视觉功能的变化（可能相对较轻）与随后的白内障手术相关。
