Malagón Castro V, Pérez Castellón R, Vélez Hernández F
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 1977 Jul-Aug;34(4):891-901.
Stress is placed on early diagnosis and treatment of dysplasia of the hip, which should ideally be made at birth. The frequency of this condition with dislocation in babies born at Hospital Infantil de Bogotá was 2.7 per 1,000. The frequency of breech presentation in babies with dysplasia of the hip was 20.2%. The average age at the first consultation for this condition was 24 months. The most important clinical signs for the diagnosis are Barlow's and Ortolani's signs and limitation in abduction of the hip. X-ray studies bear an unquestionable importance in the diagnosis; however, a normal film in the newborn does not discard a clinical diagnosis of dysplasia. Examination of the hips should be a routine in all newborn services in the country. A special regulation in this sense should be set. In this campaign, there should be a joint participation of pediatricians, obstetricians and orthopedists. The pediatrician must control the hips of the child, even if they apparently normal, until walking is initiated. The principles of treatment of dysplasia of the hip in all its varieties are described. The main objective of this work is to invite the medical body to participate in a preventive campaign directed to detect dysplasia of the hip in the newborn and to obtain, with an early treatment, the solution to this severe nosological and social problem.
强调对髋关节发育异常进行早期诊断和治疗,理想情况下应在出生时就做出诊断。在波哥大儿童医院出生的婴儿中,这种伴有脱位的病症发生率为每1000例中有2.7例。髋关节发育异常的婴儿中臀位产的发生率为20.2%。首次因该病症就诊的平均年龄为24个月。诊断的最重要临床体征是巴洛征和奥尔托拉尼征以及髋关节外展受限。X线检查在诊断中具有毋庸置疑的重要性;然而,新生儿的X线片正常并不能排除髋关节发育异常的临床诊断。对该国所有新生儿服务机构来说,髋关节检查应成为常规检查。在这方面应制定一项特别规定。在这项活动中,儿科医生、产科医生和骨科医生应共同参与。儿科医生必须检查儿童的髋关节,即使看起来正常,直到开始走路。文中描述了髋关节发育异常各种类型的治疗原则。这项工作的主要目的是邀请医疗界参与一项预防活动,旨在检测新生儿的髋关节发育异常,并通过早期治疗解决这一严重的疾病和社会问题。