Furukawa T
Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya City University School of Medicine, Japan.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1997 Apr;185(4):263-8. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199704000-00007.
The problem of readjustment to the home culture among international students who have spent some time in a foreign culture has not received satisfactory empirical investigation in the literature. We present a longitudinal study of the readjustment of 199 Japanese adolescents who have been enrolled in 1-year placement with a host family in various countries of the world. The personality trait, coping style, social support, and emotional distress of the subjects were measured before departure, while abroad, and 6 months after return home. The students showed substantial emotional distress even 6 months after return from a foreign sojourn; neuroticism, emotion-oriented coping, and concurrently measured social support were found to significantly predict mental health during readjustment. Close attention is recommended not only for the adjustment of the international students while abroad but also for the readjustment process involved in the so-called reverse culture shock.
在国外生活过一段时间的国际学生重新适应本土文化的问题，在文献中尚未得到令人满意的实证研究。我们对199名日本青少年的重新适应情况进行了一项纵向研究，这些青少年在世界各国与寄宿家庭共同生活了一年。在出发前、国外期间以及回国6个月后，对研究对象的人格特质、应对方式、社会支持和情绪困扰进行了测量。即使在从国外逗留归来6个月后，这些学生仍表现出相当大的情绪困扰；研究发现，神经质、以情绪为导向的应对方式以及同时测量的社会支持，能够显著预测重新适应期间的心理健康状况。建议不仅要密切关注国际学生在国外期间的适应情况，还要关注所谓的逆向文化冲击所涉及的重新适应过程。
