Kreek M J
Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Mol Psychiatry. 1996 Jul;1(3):232-54.
Increasing our knowledge about the major addictive diseases, opiate and cocaine addiction and alcoholism, is of great importance from a public, as well as personal health perspective. Each disease is associated with profound and negative impacts on physical and mental health and also each has devastating social and economic consequences. Each of these addictive diseases has been associated with major infectious diseases including AIDS, hepatitis B, C, D and G, either through parenteral or sexual transmission. Since 1967, we have addressed the research question related to our early hypotheses on the development of an addiction, that atypical responsitivity to stress and stressors may play a central role in the acquisition and persistence of, and relapse to, drug abuse. We have been conducting studies both in humans and in animal models focused on the role of disruption of the stress responsive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in opiate addiction, cocaine dependency and alcoholism. We also have conducted studies of the role of the endogenous opioid system in modulation of this axis, as well as the interaction of the endogenous opioid system with the dopaminergic system and other neurotransmitter and neuropeptides related to the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse.
从公众健康以及个人健康的角度来看，增进我们对主要成瘾性疾病（阿片类和可卡因成瘾以及酗酒）的了解至关重要。每种疾病都对身心健康有着深远的负面影响，并且每种疾病都具有毁灭性的社会和经济后果。这些成瘾性疾病中的每一种都与包括艾滋病、乙型、丙型、丁型和庚型肝炎在内的主要传染病有关，传播途径包括经肠道外途径或性传播。自1967年以来，我们一直在研究与我们早期关于成瘾发展的假设相关的问题，即对压力和应激源的非典型反应性可能在药物滥用的习得、持续以及复发中起核心作用。我们一直在人类和动物模型中开展研究，重点关注应激反应性下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的破坏在阿片类成瘾、可卡因依赖和酗酒中的作用。我们还研究了内源性阿片系统在调节该轴中的作用，以及内源性阿片系统与多巴胺能系统以及与滥用药物强化作用相关的其他神经递质和神经肽之间的相互作用。
